ESSAY INFORMATION:
Written by: Xuân Phi, 12/07/2021
Supported by: BC Ex-examiner, 13/07/2021
Question: The diagrams below show the development of the horse over a period of 40 million years. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
(Đề thi IELTS Writing Task 1 trên máy tháng 03/2021)
ANSWER
The diagram illustrates the evolution of horses after 40 million years, focusing on the changes in foot structure.
Overall, as the animal grew more prominent in size, their feet elongated and broadened and their paws were eventually replaced by sole hoofs.
Eohippus, which existed around 40 million years ago, is distinguishable by a much smaller body compared to the modern horse. Its tail and legs were relatively shorter, and there were 4 thin phalanges on each paw. 10 million years later, the evolution resulted in the appearance of Mesohippus, which had a slightly larger body and a longer tail. Moreover, the foot had by then lost 1 toe and the middle one became larger. Notably, the Mesohippus had an additional tuft of hair on the neck which would later turn into the horse’s mane.
15 million years ago, the Merychippus appeared. This prehistoric horse more resembled the modern horse however was marginally smaller in size and still possessed 3-toed paws. It had considerably heftier digits compared to its predecessor, a larger tail and a thicker mane on the neck. Finally, the horse today emerged with a bulkier body, a full mane, a thicker tail and all 3 phalanges fused into a single hoof.
USEFUL WORD LIST:
| ENGLISH | TIẾNG VIỆT |
| Hoof (n) | Móng ngựa, dê,… |
| Phalanx (n) (singular) | Xương ngón tay, ngón chân |
| Phalanges (n) (plural) | Xương ngón tay, ngón chân |
| Tuft of hair (n) | Chỏm tóc, chỏm lông |
| Mane (n) | Bờm sư tử, ngựa |
| Prehistoric (adj) | Tiền sử |
| Predecessor (n) | Tổ tiên, tiền bối, người tiền nhiệm |
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